Imvelaphi yophando yomthengisi wentsimbi
Njengomvelisi omkhulu wentsimbi ekrwada kwihlabathi, imfuno kunye nokuxhomekeka kweemveliso zetsimbi ezivela kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi azinakuhoywa.Ukususela ngo-2002, abahwebi bensimbi, njengekhonkco eliphambili lemarike yentsimbi yasekhaya, baye badlala indima ebalulekileyo.Kodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwenani labarhwebi bentsimbi, ukusuka ngaphezulu kwe-80,000 ngo-2019 ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-2021 iye yanda yaya kuthi ga kwi-100,000, kunye nabarhwebi abayi-100,000 abathwele i-60% -70% yexabiso lilonke lentsimbi yaseTshayina. ekusasazweni, ukhuphiswano phakathi kwabarhwebi nalo luya luqina.Ngaphantsi kwemigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe efana "nolawulo oluphindwe kabini lokusetyenziswa kwamandla", "incopho yeCarbon" kunye "nokungathathi hlangothi kweCarbon", imveliso yentsimbi ayiyi kuqhubeka ikhula kwixesha elifutshane, ngoko umrhwebi ngamnye ugcina njani isabelo sakhe semarike kunye nokukhuphisana kweshishini umthamo worhwebo olinganiselweyo kunye nokhuphiswano oluqatha lube sisihloko esifanele ukuqwalaselwa ngononophelo ngoku.Amaxabiso entsimbi aye aguquguquka kakhulu ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ngo-2021, ebetha irekhodi ephezulu ngoMeyi kwaye aphantse aphinda kabini ukusuka ngo-2020 ephantsi, esenza imarike yenkunzi enkulu.Kodwa ngokusungulwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo efana namandla olawulo oluphindwe kabini kunye nomqhubi werhafu yendawo yokuhlala kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka, ukuthengiswa kweemarike kubuthathaka, kwaye amaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza kunye nentsimbi awela yonke indlela, abaninzi abahwebi bentsimbi kwisiqingatha sokuqala. amaxabiso ezinto zorhwebo anyuke “ngexesha leHoneymoon” nje emva kwelahleko.Ngoko ke, i-Mysteel iye yaphanda kwaye yafunda malunga neenzuzo zokusebenza kunye nokungonakali kwabarhwebi bentsimbi kunye nezicwangciso zabo zokumelana nokuguquguquka okukhulu kweemarike, kubandakanywa nemiba efana nemeko yokusebenza yangoku, ukukhuphisana okungundoqo kwamashishini, kunye nolawulo lomngcipheko kunye nolawulo, injongo kukwenza abahwebi bentsimbi kulawulo lwexesha elizayo, ukucwangciswa kweshishini kunye nokulawulwa komngcipheko njengesalathiso.
Isiphumo sophando kunye nophando lomthengisi wensimbi
I-questionnaires ezingaphezu kwe-2,500 ezisebenzayo zaqokelelwa ngexesha leveki elide kwi-intanethi ye-intanethi, eyenziwa phakathi kwe-26 kaNovemba kunye ne-2021 kwi-2021. Uninzi lwabarhwebi bentsimbi abazalisa i-questionnaire babesempuma nakumantla e-China, ngelixa abanye babeseChina. -UMzantsi Afrika, umntla-ntshona, umntla-mpuma kunye nomzantsi-ntshona weTshayina Uninzi lwemisebenzi yezikhundla zodliwano-ndlebe ngabaphathi abaphakathi nabakwinqanaba eliphezulu bamashishini abo;Iindidi eziphambili zokusebenza kumashishini ahlolisisiweyo yintsimbi yokwakha, i-akhawunti ye-33.9%, kunye ne-akhawunti eshushu kunye nebandayo ejikelezayo malunga ne-21%, ezinye iindidi ezifana nombhobho wensimbi, ipleyiti ephakathi, intsimbi yecandelo, i-coil yensimbi edibeneyo, i-strip iron kunye nekhethekileyo. intsimbi ziindidi ezahlukeneyo zabarhwebi ababandakanyekayo kwishishini.Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba, ngokutsho kophando lweMysteel, i-akhawunti yensimbi yokwakha ingaphezulu kwe-50% yazo zonke ii-transactions ze-steel traders'ilizwe.
Umthamo wokurhweba wonyaka wabathengisi ubukhulu becala yi-0-300,000 tons
Ngokutsho kophando lwe-Mysteel, abarhwebi bensimbi benza ngaphezu kwe-50% yomthamo wokurhweba wonyaka weetoni ze-0-200,000, udidi olunokuthiwa ngokuhlangeneyo abarhwebi abancinci nabaphakathi.Abarhwebi abakhulu benza ingxelo malunga ne-20% yomthamo wokurhweba wonyaka we-500,000-1,000,000 yeetoni kunye neetoni ezingaphezu kwe-1,000,000, ininzi yazo isekelwe kwimpuma yeChina kwaye ijongene nentsimbi yokwakha.Akunzima ukubona ukusuka kumthamo wokurhweba kwimarike yentsimbi yokujikeleza ukuba imarike yasempuma ye-China njengemarike yorhwebo eshushu kummandla, kunye nokwakhiwa kwentsimbi ehambelana ne-real estate ephantsi kunye namashishini asisiseko ahlala efuna ngakumbi.
2. Imodeli yexabiso lesivumelwano sorhwebo isekelwe kumaxabiso ereferensi yemarike
Ngokweziphumo zeMysteel, eyona modeli iphambili yexabiso labarhwebi kwimarike isasekelwe kumaxabiso entengiso yereferensi.Kukwakho nenani elincinane labarhwebi abanyanzelisa ngokungqongqo amaxabiso emizi-mveliso.Aba barhwebi bavalela amaxabiso ngentsimbi yentsimbi ngesivumelwano, ngokuguquguquka kwexabiso lemarike ngaphantsi, ngokuqinisekileyo, le nxalenye yabarhwebi kunye ne-Steel Mills inokwenza, kwixabiso lekhontrakthi kunye nexabiso lexesha lokwenyani linokutenxa okukhulu xa kukho into ethile. inkxaso.
3. Abarhwebi bentsimbi bafuna kakhulu kwinkunzi yabo
Abarhwebi bentsimbi bebesoloko benemfuno ephezulu yendlela yabo yokurhweba eyinkunzi.Ngokutsho kophando lukaMysteel, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sabathengisi bachitha ngaphezu kwe-50% yemali yabo kwintsimbi, kunye nesithathu ngaphezu kwe-80%.Ngokuqhelekileyo, abarhwebi zentsimbi ukongeza ukusebenzisa isixa olomeleleyo inkunzi ukuya kunye nemiyalelo yentsimbi phezulu, kodwa ubukho abathengi ezantsi umlambo phambili imali.Kufuneka ukuqhubela phambili ubude bexesha lokubuyiswa kwabathengi kuyahluka, ngokubanzi ukuthetha iimali zabo ngabarhwebi abaneleyo bavumela abathengi ukuba babuyisele ixesha elide kakhulu.
4. Banks'attitude towards traders'lending iya ifudumala ngokuthe ngcembe
Ngokubhekiselele kwisimo sengqondo sokuboleka kwebhanki kubathengisi bentsimbi, ukhetho lokuhlangabezana nemfuno yemboleko engaphezulu kwe-70% yazo zonke iinketho zokhetho oluninzi, lufike malunga ne-29%.Malunga ne-29% yemfuno yemali-mboleko yelizwe engama-30% -70% iyahlangatyezwa.Akunzima ukubona ukuba kwiminyaka yakutshanje i-banks'attitude towards traders'lending iye yadamba.Kwi-2013-2015, emva kokuqhambuka koluhlu lweengxaki zetyala labarhwebi bentsimbi kunye nokulahleka kwe-inshurensi edibeneyo yetyala kunye neminye imiba yezemali, iibhanki kubarhwebi beboleka isimo sengqondo kwindawo ephantsi.Noko ke, kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo, ngenxa yophuhliso oluqolileyo ngakumbi lorhwebo kunye nenkxaso karhulumente eyomeleleyo kuphuhliso lwamaqumrhu amancinci naphakathi, isimo sengqondo se-banks'lending kubathengisi ngokuthe ngcembe sachacha ukusuka kwelona nqanaba lisezantsi ukuya kwinqanaba elizinzileyo.
5. Iinkonzo ezixhasayo zokurhweba, ihoseyile kunye nekhonkco lokubonelela zibe yeyona nto iphambili kushishino lorhwebo
Ukusuka kwimbono yoshishino lwangoku lwabarhwebi, ukurhweba kwendawo, i-wholesale iseyeyona nto iphambili yoshishino lwentsimbi yasekhaya, malunga ne-34% yabarhwebi baya kwenza olu hlobo lweshishini.Kufanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba kufutshane neepesenti ezingama-30 zabarhwebi babonelela ngeenkonzo zokubonelela ngenkxaso, ekwaluhlobo lweshishini eliye lazibandakanya kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje kwaye, ngokuqonda ngakumbi komthengi, lihlangabezana neemfuno zomthengi ngamnye. , ukubonelela abathengi ngokuyila, ukuthenga, i-inventory kunye nochungechunge lweenkonzo ezixhasayo kubathengisi nabo bakhulile.Ukongeza, iinkonzo zokucheba njengeenkonzo ezongeziweyo, kwintengiso yentsimbi yangoku neyexesha elizayo nayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo.Ukongeza, inkonzo yenkxaso-mali yetreyi njengorhwebo lwentsimbi kwiindlela zokuxhasa ngemali ezizodwa, ngokuqhelekileyo, isixa sabarhwebi beemali ezinkulu kunye neemfuno eziphezulu.
6. Iindlela zokufumana ulwazi lwemarike yentsimbi ziyancedisana
Zonke iimpendulo ezine kumbuzo malunga nemithombo ephambili yolwazi lwemarike lubalelwa ngaphezu kwe-20 yepesenti yetotali, phakathi kwabo, abarhwebi bafumana ulwazi olukhawulezayo lwemarike ngokuyinhloko ngokusebenzisa iqonga lokubonisana kunye nolwazi lotshintshiselwano phakathi kwabarhwebi.Okwesibini, impendulo evela kwimills yensimbi ephezulu kunye nabasebenzi be-front-line kunye nabathengi baxhaphakile.Ngokubanzi, ukufikelela kulwazi lweemarike ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezincedisayo, ezidibeneyo kwinethiwekhi yolwazi oluqhelekileyo, okuvumela abahwebi ukuba bafikelele kulwazi lwamva nje kwindawo yokuqala.
Bulala.Inzuzo yabarhwebi kulo nyaka yehle kakhulu kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo
Ukuqwalasela iimeko zokusebenza zabathengisi bensimbi kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo, iimeko zokusebenza zabathengisi kwi-2019 kunye ne-2020 zinokuthiwa azinelisekanga, ngaphezu kwe-75% yabathengisi benza inzuzo kwiminyaka emibini elandelelanayo ephela, kuphela. I-6-7 ipesenti yabahwebi balahlekelwa yimali.Kodwa de kube sekupheleni kwexesha lophando (Dec. 2) , inani labathengisi abanenzuzo kwi-2021 lehla ngaphezu kwe-10% kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo.Ngelo xesha, inani labarhwebi ababika i-flat kunye nelahleko lenyuka, kunye neepesenti ze-13 zabathengisi abalahlekelwa yimali ngaphambi kokuba umjikelezo wokugqibela we-odolo uhlaziywe ngeemill ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka.Lilonke, ngenxa yokunyuka okubukhali kunye nokuwa kwamaxabiso entsimbi kulo nyaka kunye nokubhengezwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo emitsha eyahlukeneyo, abanye abarhwebi abazange bathathe amanyathelo okulawula umngcipheko kwangaphambili, kangangokuba amaxabiso entsimbi kulo nyaka awela ngokukhawuleza kwinkqubo yokukhawuleza. ilahleko.
8. Abarhwebi balawula ukuhlukana kweendlela zomngcipheko ukulawula isakhiwo se-inventory kunye ne-stock-based
Kulawulo lwemihla ngemihla lwabahwebi bentsimbi, kukho imingcipheko eyahlukeneyo, kodwa kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokulawula umngcipheko.Ngokutsho kweziphumo zophando Mysteel kaThixo, malunga 42% abarhwebi bakhetha ukulawula isakhiwo kunye nobungakanani inventory ukulawula umngcipheko, le ndlela ikakhulu ngokujongwa utshintsho ixabiso lentsimbi ngexesha lokwenyani kunye nemiba esezantsi imfuno umthengi ukulawula imiyalelo yabo kwaye stock ukuphepha imingcipheko ethile.Ukongeza, malunga ne-27% yabarhwebi bakhetha ukuphepha umngcipheko wokuguquguquka kwexabiso ngokubopha phezulu nasezantsi abathengi, kwaye abarhwebi njengabaphakathi basayine izivumelwano ngokungqongqo, bacime umda wabo woshishino kunye nomlinganiselo wekhomishini kunye nezinye iindlela zokudlulisa umngcipheko kwi-mill yentsimbi ekhuphukayo. kunye nabathengi abasezantsi.Ukongezelela, kukho malunga ne-16% yorhwebo luya kufakwa kwi-inshurensi ngeentsimbi zetsimbi, ilahleko kunye nentsimbi yokwenza.Ngokubanzi, kwi-Steel Mills, abarhwebi babambe inxalenye ezinzileyo yezibonelelo zabathengi, kwaye imveliso yokugqibela yeentsimbi zetsimbi njengabavelisi ukuya kubathengi abasezantsi bafuna ukuba abarhwebi badlale indima yokudibanisa phakathi, ngoko ke, ezinye izixhobo zensimbi ziza kunceda abahwebi ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukuze abarhwebi bangabi nelahleko enkulu emva kokubuyiselwa kwemali eyinkunzi kodwa balahlekelwe uzinzo lwezibonelelo zabathengi.Ekugqibeleni, malunga ne-13% yabathengisi baya kubiyela ikusasa ngokusebenzisa le sixhobo sezemali ukuphepha umngcipheko wexabiso elithile, ukufezekisa injongo elindelekileyo yenzuzo.Ngoku, ngokudityaniswa nabarhwebi bamabala emveli, siya kwandisa iinketho ezininzi zokuvelisa kunye norhwebo lwamashishini, olungenako ukuphepha kuphela iingozi zokusebenza eziziswe kukuguquguquka okukhulu kwexabiso, kodwa nokunciphisa iindleko zenkunzi yamashishini kunye nokunyusa izinga lokuthengisa. yeemveliso ze-inventri, ukunceda amashishini aphumeze ngcono iinjongo zoshishino.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-21-2021